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Researcher Aims to Smoke Out Obesity

An Australian researcher has an idea:

Tackling the global obesity epidemic will require governments to take similar action to that many used to curb smoking, a top researcher said on Wednesday.

This could include regulations that restrict how companies market "junk" food to children and requirements for schools to serve healthy meals, said Professor Boyd Swinburn, a public health researcher who works with the World Health Organisation.

"The brakes on the obesity epidemic need to be policy-led and governments need to take centre stage," Swinburn, a researcher at Deakin University in Australia, told Reuters at the 2008 European Congress on Obesity.

"Governments have to lead the way they did with the tobacco epidemic. We need hard-hitting messages."

Hard-hitting messages like ... what? "Feel bad about yourself because you have a genetic predisposition to gain weight and your parents fed you crap"?

When I was growing up, smoking was acceptable everywhere. I woke up every morning to the smell of my parents smoking at the breakfast table. (To this day, I don't drink coffee, since I associate coffee with cigarettes. That's how I became a Diet Coke addict.) I remember sitting on a bench in a shopping mall -- I was probably 14 -- and waving away the smoke of the person who'd sat down next to me. The smoker looked at me with pure contempt and said, "You could move, you know."

The problem was me, not him or his habit. Smokers ruled the known world. It was unfathomable to them that nonsmokers were repelled by the noxious fumes they emitted.

Today, as we all know, smokers are increasingly cut off from the rest of us. Not only is it forbidden in offices and restaurants, but you can't even smoke in many of the parks where our kids play sports. Smoking in public is so rare that my kids point it out with disgust every time they see it.

But how do you point out someone in the process of getting fat? A cigarette is a cigarette, and you know it when you see or smell it. But who's to say what types of food are making any individual person gain unhealthy amounts of weight? Do you outlaw eating fast food in public? Tax it until it's unaffordable? Do you go after high-fat food? High carbs? Do you tell people who're sitting down that they need to be up and moving? And if you're going to do that, how do you distinguish between people who're resting and those who haven't done anything to make them fatigued in the first place?

Really, what we're talking about here is pointing a finger at people who're already overweight. Otherwise, I can't see how you distinguish between food that's being eaten for sustenance and food that's being converted to body fat. I sometimes eat fast food when it's the only practical choice -- you probably do too. So is somebody going to tell me and my skinny kids that we can't eat the only available food when we're hungry? Or will they ignore us and pick on the overweight people at the next table or park bench?

Same with physical activity: We'd have to put the pressure on people who're overweight, and ignore sedentary people who, thanks to a lucky roll of the genetic dice, stay thin without exercise.

More to the point: When we marginalize smokers, we don't really marginalize the fact of their addiction. We don't forbid the wearing of nicotine patches or the chewing of Nicorette gum in public places. We say "no smoking," and that's it.

But if we're going to follow that same path in the fight against obesity, we eventually have to turn on obese people and marginalize them. And, really, I can't think of a worse way to achieve an otherwise admirable public-health imperative.

Wednesday blog meat

  • Is it my imagination, or did Gina Kolata just write the perfect advertisement for The New Rules of Lifting for Women? Would've been nice if she'd mentioned the book, but if readers take the article as a call for action, they should be able to find it with a quick Google search.
  • Unintentionally funny photo caption: "Executing a push-up like this ratchets up the difficulty level ..." Gee, ya think? (This only makes sense if you click on the link and see the photo.)
  • This site will be dark for a few hours tonight, and then relaunch on Thursday with a new software platform that should make it even easier for you to contribute news, opinions, and even photos. If you want to see examples of the new platform, check out some of the SB Nation baseball blogs. (Viva El Birdos, the St. Louis Cardinals blog, is my favorite.) Posting with the new software should make things a lot easier and faster for me, which means I'll be able to write more posts than I do now. With the current software, I have to do all the HTML coding with the cut-and-paste method, which means I write everything in a Word file and then transfer it to MPF, which takes twice as much time and effort as I used to invest on the original MPF. It's been worth it to me because so many more people see what I write on the new site, and it's so much easier for readers to post replies and participate in the conversation. The new software should give me -- and us -- the best of both worlds: I'll be able to post faster and more often, and you'll still be able to jump in and tell me how stupid I am whenever the need arises.

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Obesity
With all this talk of the government acting in our interests and making us better, something that gets left out of the equation is moderation.  Moderation gets left out of these discussions because its within the domain of the individual.  When people and governments start making excuses for why people can't do it on their own, they are abdicating responsibility for making their choices.

Moderation is the difference between eating fast food once a week or once in a blue moon and eating out of a paper sack ten times a week because its there.  I would argue that, to a lesser extent, the same is true of cigarettes.  If you go to a bar and stand outside, in the smokers' corral, you'll see a lot of people in their 20's smoking.  How many of those people are sparking one up at the breakfast table the next morning?  Not many, because being flooded with information about how bad cigarettes are has contributed to both abstinence and moderation.  There, I've stated my apostasy of the week.  

But would education work with fast food?  I doubt it because people know fast food is making them fat and sick, its no secret, and yet people still eat the stuff.  They seem to be content to be fat and sick.  

by Joe in DC on May 14, 2008 9:46 AM EDT   0 recs

Obesity
There are many factors playing into why people don't eat healthy and don't move. Some of it certainly falls into personal responsibility, but a lot of comes down to education, cost, and culture. Some of it is within the realm of government because obesity, like smoking, is a public health issue. Smoking wasn't attacked merely by jacking the price on cigarettes. There was a concerted education program that made everyone aware of the dangers of smoking (much to the chagrin of the tobacco companies). And, gosh golly, it worked! I don't know too many smokers who don't know the dangers. They merely deny them.

Unlike cigarettes, we cannot legislate that people not eat (even limiting not eat to fast food). We can't legislate that people move. But, we can make changes that make them want to eat less fast food. How many folks would gobble down fast-food burgers if the cost of the beef in those burgers wasn't subsidized? Why does the government actively subsidize food that is bad for us? Don't ya think the subsidies should go for healthy food? People are bombarded with ads to eat crap. How many ads do you see to eat fruits and vegetables, relative to the ads for crap? What do you think people remember? Kids and adults used to move a lot more. There are plenty of places where riding a bike can get you killed because the road system isn't set up to keep cyclists (or pedestrians for that matter) safe. How's that for helping people move more?

So, I'm all for personal responsibility but we-as in the government that we supposedly elect-have some things to work on. The case for blaming the fat victim isn't so clear in my mind. Blaming the obese may make us feel better (dare I say superior?), but it doesn't do much to address the problem.

sharon in boulder, co

by sbadian on May 14, 2008 12:46 PM EDT   0 recs

Stop the bombardment of junk ads
As sbadian said, we are getting bombarded with ads to eat total junk food. As a formally obese person, I resent them greatly, and thus rarely watch commercial TV.

It is unatural to each as much junk is being thrown at us constantly. Tax it ban the ads, cheer the thin and boo the obese.

by G on May 14, 2008 12:58 PM EDT   0 recs

Missing the point a bit - and on smoking declining
First of all, the decline in smoking is due not so much to education as it is to making the act illegal in so many locations.  By banning smoking to so many limited areas, there is probably also a stigma association with it for a number of young people, which is also good and will reduce the number of smoker further as the population ages.  Obviously, this approach won't work for junk and fast food.

As Lou points out, there is no way to make the focus of legislation the consumer.  Rather, distributers of fast food must be the target (and I think this is what the quoted author was saying in the first place).  Perhaps regulations stating that fat content cannot exceed a certain ratio to calories will help.  Perhaps requiring that certain foods have a certain level of nutritional value will help.  Perhaps restricting saturated fats and/or trans fats will help.  There a lot of ways to make the sale of the most unhealthy foods illegal.  And I also don't buy the slippery slope argument.  Just because it's difficult to set the precise level where fat to calories is "unhealthy" doesn't mean that experts can't agree that SOME ratios are unhealthy.  Maybe Taco Bell makes the cut but a Big Mac doesn't.  Sure a Taco Bell taco isn't the best food in the world, but I suspect if everyone traded in a Big Mac for a couple tacos, they'd be better off...

by stuntmonkeys on May 14, 2008 1:03 PM EDT   0 recs

Obesity
I think Lou's comparison between government anti-smoking efforts and possible future anti-obesity legislation highlights many of the potential difficulties were the government to get more involved in this area.

Personally, as much as this has become a huge (no pun intended) and expensive public health problem, I'm really not comfortable with government-sponsored solutions. If we look at the way they caved in to agricultural special interests and promoted a low-fat, high-carb diet in the '80s (which I think is actually one of the big contributing factors to the current problem), I'm not at all confident.

Eating right and exercising are ultimately matters of personal responsibility. While I wouldn't care if "sin taxes" were levied on fast food, who's to say that fresh eggs wouldn't get the same treatment? ("Everyone" knows eggs give you high cholesterol, right?) And, who's to say that some government-employed dietician won't push for legislation banning protein powder, because "everyone" knows high protein consumption will make your kidneys explode, right? After all, "everyone" knows the perfect path to health is eating low fat, low protein, and high carb. Then, walk slowly 30 minutes each day, and you're all set. Whatever you do, don't lift weights. Because, as BMI calculations have clearly shown, any man with well above average muscle mass usually comes out as overweight or obese using this calculation.

by BobParr on May 15, 2008 8:21 AM EDT   0 recs

Obesity
It's nice that people are waking up to the idea that being fat can be extremely unhealthy.  The problem is who gets to dedice what's healthy?  Is it the same people that brought you the low fat, high carb diet?  Is it the people that decided that cholesterol should be avoided at all costs?  The solution to this problem is complex, especially for people who get money from lobbyist and other intrest groups.  I don't think they will be able to seperate themselves from it enough to really look at the problem.

by BamaFan on May 15, 2008 11:33 AM EDT   0 recs

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